PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.